Descarbonización de procesos en la industria petrolera y petroquímica nacional (IPPN)
Desafíos de la transición energética en la agenda 2050
Palabras clave:
Transición energética, Descarbonización, Economía climática, Industria Hidrocarburífica Nacional, Integración refinería y petroquímica, The Tennessee Valley AuthorityResumen
En el trabajo se analiza (a) cómo los conceptos de la economía climática se estructuran a través de premisas de la teoría clásica del desarrollo, construida a partir de ideas, criterios y validación de experiencias asociadas al concepto de modernización de la economía; (b) se indaga acerca del diseño de políticas climáticas en Venezuela y su apoyo en el Sector Eléctrico Nacional (SEN), interpretando que los objetivos de la componente social de la Agenda 2030 precisan medidas de transformación de estructuras de gobierno y la institucionalidad del estado; y (c) se revisan oportunidades de financiamiento promoviendo el comercio de créditos de carbono. Medidas exigidas en la Agenda 2050 para adelantar la transición energética y satisfacer la estrategia del Desarrollo Humano Sostenible (DHS).
Como interés principal del trabajo se revisan características presentes en la IPPN, con criterio de comparación para adelantar procesos de descarbonización en la infraestructura energética industrial del país y como fuente de orientaciones a futuro: (a) medidas adoptadas por la industria global para adecuar procesos de refinación a la producción de combustibles de baja huella de carbono; (b) expectativas de reorientación de negocios de refinación de hidrocarburos, dirigidas a integración con la industria petroquímica en producción de insumos de alto valor de mercado, los polímeros sintéticos o plásticos; y (c) oportunidades que representan para el desarrollo de Venezuela el negocio de explotación de recursos de origen fósil, en mercados globales orientados a expandir la transición energética y la agenda climática en industrias, servicios y ámbitos comercial y residencial.
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